From: Ton Schoenmaker, Roden, the Netherlands Date: Tue, 17 Nov 1998 08:52:04 +0100 Leonid meteors outburst observed by radio Radio observations started last night 16 November 1998 at 21h UT. With a chart recorder meteor reflections were registrated from a broadcasting station in Wroclaw, Poland at 72.11 MHz. Unexpectedly early, the first long-duration (4 minutes) echo was observed at 21h26m UTC. Long-duration echoes are typical for Leonid meteors with their high velocity of about 70 km/s.The number of long echoes slowly started to increase, especially after local rise of the radiant at about 22h UT. The typical duration of an echo was about 2 minutes, with the longest echoes as long as 10 minutes. After 17 November 02h UTC hardly individual reflections can be seen and after 04 UTC the signal from Wroclaw was received continuously. A check on other wavelengths (TV transmitters at 77.25 MHz, amateur-radio beacons around 144.4 MHz) confirmed the particular conditions of VHF. The situation between 4 and 6 h UTC was very similar to sporadic-E propagation on VHF. No individual reflections could be discriminated anymore at 72.11 MHz. Because of the cloud conditions in the norh-eastern parts of the Netherlands, no visual checks on meteors/fireballs could be made.